The Missouri Department of Natural Resources describes a Food Waste business as:

A business that collects discarded food, food-soiled paper and other organic waste from commercial or industrial businesses to process at a composting facility.

You may need some or all of the following permits for a Food Waste business:

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Land Application of Food Processing Wastewater Permit MOG822000

If your business plans to land apply or operate a subsurface dispersal system of wastes from industries such as light commercial food products industries or eating establishments onto grass land, crop land or timber land for use as a fertilizer and soil amendment, you must obtain a Land Application of Food Processing Wastewater MO-G822000 general permit. 

SIC# 20xx - Major Group - Food and Kindred Products, SIC# 202x - Dairy Products, SIC# 203x - Canned, Frozen and Preserved Fruits, Vegetables, and Food Specialties, SIC# 204x - Grain Mill Products, SIC# 205x - Bakery Products, SIC# 206x - Sugar and Confectionery Products
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Public Drinking Water Permit to Dispense

If your business plans to operate a public water system that supplies drinking water to the public, you must obtain a Public Drinking Water Permit to Dispense. A public water system has at least 15 service connections or serves at least 25 people at least 60 days out of the year. If your business plans to connect to a permitted public water system, then you are not required to obtain this permit.
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Site-Specific Domestic Wastewater Operating Permit

If you or your business has received a Wastewater Construction Permit for domestic wastewater discharges and have completed the construction project, you will need to apply for a Site-Specific Domestic Wastewater Operating Permit before you may operate, use or maintain the existing point source of water pollution.